Smalltalk
Alan Kay's pure object-oriented vision. Everything is object and message. Influenced all OOP languages.
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OCaml
French functional language. Powerful type system and inference. Jane Street's trading language.
Lisp
McCarthy's AI language. Parentheses and homoiconicity. Code is data, data is code. Influenced all modern …
Java
Sun's enterprise language. JVM and garbage collection. Verbose but explicit. Android's original language.
Python
Guido's readable language conquered data science and scripting. Whitespace significance and gentle learning curve.
Scala
Martin Odersky's functional-OO hybrid. Powerful type system. Twitter and Spark.
C
Dennis Ritchie's portable assembler. Unix and OS foundation. Simple core, powerful abstractions.
Assembly
Symbolic machine code. One step above binary. Architecture-specific but teaches computers.
Haskell
Academic functional language. Pure functions and powerful type system. Monads solve IO problem.
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Object-Oriented Ontology
Speculative realist position that objects exist independently of human thought. Harman: objects withdraw from all …
Emacs
Emacs is not just editor but Lisp machine and way of life. Infinitely extensible. Holy …
Obsidian
Knowledge management through linked markdown. Local-first philosophy. Represents personal knowledge graph movement.
Atom
GitHub's Electron-based editor. Proved web tech could make desktop apps. VSCode's spiritual predecessor.
OpenAI
AI research laboratory that created GPT models and ChatGPT. Founded by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, …
Emacs
Extensible text editor, almost an OS. Everything customizable through Emacs Lisp. Org-mode, email, IRC, games. …
Douglas Engelbart
American engineer who pioneered human-computer interaction through the mouse, hypertext, and collaborative tools. Engelbart's "Mother …
Minecraft
Mojang's sandbox allows infinite creative expression in procedural block world. Survival mode demands resource management; …