Physical Theorems
Black Hole Thermodynamics
Connects gravity, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics. Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
Gauss's Law
Part of Maxwell's equations. Relates charge to electric field.
Ampère's Law
Part of Maxwell's equations. Relates current to magnetic field.
Lorentz Force Law
F = q(E + v×B) combines electric and magnetic forces.
Ideal Gas Law
Combines Boyle's and Charles' laws. Describes ideal gas behavior.
Wien's Displacement Law
Why hot objects change color. λmax = b/T.
Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Hotter objects radiate vastly more energy. Black body radiation.
Fermi's Golden Rule
Predicts decay rates and interaction probabilities in quantum systems.
Equivalence Principle
Foundation of general relativity. Einstein's elevator thought experiment.
Standard Model
Three generations of quarks and leptons. Higgs boson completes model.
CPT Theorem
Fundamental symmetry of nature. Antimatter and time reversal.
Noether's Theorem
Time symmetry gives energy conservation. Space symmetry gives momentum conservation.
Hawking Radiation
Quantum effects at event horizon. Black holes not completely black.
Hubble's Law
v = H₀d velocity proportional to distance. Evidence for Big Bang.
Snell's Law
Refraction law. n₁sin(θ₁) = n₂sin(θ₂). Explains lenses.
Doppler Effect
Why ambulance siren pitch changes. Cosmological redshift.
Bernoulli's Principle
Explains airplane lift. Venturi effect. Energy conservation in fluids.
Archimedes' Principle
Why ships float. Eureka moment. Density and buoyancy.
Faraday's Law of Induction
Foundation of electric generators and transformers. Electromagnetic induction.
Ohm's Law
Most practical electrical law. Linear relationship in conductors.
Coulomb's Law
Like Newton's gravity but for electric charges. Foundation of electrostatics.
Maxwell's Equations
Four equations describe all classical electromagnetism. Light is electromagnetic wave.
Planck's Law
Birth of quantum theory. E = hν. Black body radiation.