Postmodernism
Philosophical movement skeptical of grand narratives, universal truths, and foundational certainty. Lyotard defined postmodernism as incredulity toward metanarratives. Rejects Enlightenment faith in reason and progress. Emphasizes local, plural, contingent truths over universal ones. Blurs boundaries between high and low culture, reality and representation. Foucault's power-knowledge, Baudrillard's simulacra exemplify postmodern themes. Criticized as relativistic and nihilistic. Defenders claim it reveals hidden power and expands perspectives. Influential in arts, architecture, and academia.
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Metamodernism
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Simulacra
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Idealism
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Reductionism
View that complex phenomena can be explained by reducing to simpler components. Methodological reductionism: study …
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Object-Oriented Ontology
Speculative realist position that objects exist independently of human thought. Harman: objects withdraw from all …
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Simulacra and Simulation
Baudrillard's postmodern philosophy work argues that in contemporary society, reality has been replaced by symbols …
Michel Foucault
French philosopher and historian who analyzed power, knowledge, and social institutions. Foucault's works on madness, …
Jacques Derrida
Algerian-French philosopher who founded deconstruction, challenging Western metaphysics and logocentrism. Derrida's analysis of binary oppositions, …
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Kant's foundational work establishes limits of human knowledge and synthetic a priori judgments. Through transcendental …
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Rand's philosophical novel depicts a dystopia where society's productive individuals go on strike. Through capitalism, …
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Magritte's painting of a pipe with text 'This is not a pipe' became philosophy's most …