Phenomenology
Philosophical method studying consciousness and experience as they appear to us. Founded by Husserl, phenomenology seeks to describe phenomena without metaphysical assumptions. Husserl's epoché (bracketing) suspends judgment about objective reality to focus on subjective experience. Heidegger transformed phenomenology into ontology, studying Being itself. Merleau-Ponty emphasized embodied perception. Phenomenology influences existentialism, hermeneutics, and cognitive science. The approach reveals structures of consciousness, intentionality, and lived experience.
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Hegel's foundational work traces the development of consciousness from sense-certainty to absolute knowledge. Through dialectical …
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Heidegger's magnum opus fundamentally reorients philosophy by examining the question of Being through the lens …
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German philosopher whose work on Being and Time revolutionized phenomenology and existentialism. Heidegger's concepts of …
Arthur Schopenhauer
German philosopher who developed a metaphysical system centered on the concept of Will. Schopenhauer's pessimistic …
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Huxley's essay chronicles his mescaline experience, exploring how the drug altered his perception of reality. …
Carl Jung
Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's concepts of archetypes, collective unconscious, individuation, …
Carl Jung
Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's concepts of archetypes, collective unconscious, individuation, …